Saturday, January 25, 2020
Analysis of Performance of Registered Nurse
Analysis of Performance of Registered Nurse INTRODUCTION Critical reflection acts as the precursor for transformative learning, which takes place by altering the level of personal understandings and the behavior (Mezirow, 1990). Critical refection leads to improved learning, assessment and thinking with respect to the system and the society (Smith, 2011). Critical reflection enables an individual to look beyond the horizon and visualize the bigger picture and develop reasonable views about the situation so that the assessment can become easier. Critical reflection is taught in various professional fields, including the health care system. This concept is not just theoretical but requires practical applicability also. Theoretically there are three models for reflecting critically. The first is the Deweyââ¬â¢s model of reflective learning which advocates that knowledge can be obtained by relating the past and present experiences. This approach is referred to as the pragmatic approach. The second model is that of Habermasââ¬â¢, which ad vocates the critical theory behind this approach and demonstrates three areas of knowledge, namely, practical, technical and emancipator. The third and the last model is the Kolbââ¬â¢s model of reflexive learning (Patricia Lucas, 2012). The Australian Nursing Federationââ¬â¢s standards of competency for a nurse have identified r put forward three domains of better level competencies: adaptation of practice, conceptualization of practice and leading on with the practice (Australian Nursing Foundation, 2005). AIM AND OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to critically examine and reflect on my professional skills and performance as a registered nurse, in the domain of adaptation of practice. The paper discusses about the main concept of critical reflection and also the competencies in the aforesaid domain. This essay is written in first person, as it will help in better understanding of the critical competencies possessed by an individual. DESCRIPTION The initial period of working in any professional field is very difficult and tiring. When I started to work as a nurse, in the emergency, I used to work for 6 days a week. The timings were also very stringent, from 8.00 AM till 3.00 PM. The work load was much higher as compared to the task force available. The number of nurses was reduced considerably and the health staff was under continuous stress as they had to cater to so many patients. Another problem faced by the health staff was the duration of stay of the patients and the workload on the emergency section. In my country, general statistics show that patients stayed for minimum two days. With each nurse catering to 6-7 patients at one time, it is nearly impossible to pay adequate attention to each on simultaneously. Plus this increases the work load to a greater extent. Most of the nurses, who worked, just had a diploma in nursing, while I and two others had the bachelorââ¬â¢s degree. This is what distinguished us. We had better theoretical as well as practical skills as compared to them. This plus point kind of added to the workload I had. I was made responsible for all the emergency situations and for looking after the patients who were brought in emergency conditions. One of the main procedures of emergency is suturing. Since suturing requires both practical as well as theoretical skills, I was the one who was given the task of suturing, assessing the wounds of the injured, examining any other damage like that to arteries or tendons or nerve fibers. The morning task was to review all the patients along with the doctors and then for the latter half of the day each nurse was assigned 6 to 7 patients to take care of. OVERVIEW OF CRITICAL REFLECTION Nursing literature frequently mentions about critical reflection but nowhere has this term been defined precisely (McBrien, 2007). Vaguely it has been mentioned as the process of analyzing practice through regulated self reflection (Crowe Oââ¬â¢Malley, 2006). Although everybody has the ability to think with a different perspective, the aim of critical reflection is to enhance knowledge and redefine our understanding about self, by increasing self awareness and self consciousness, thereby focusing on the outcomes of our actions (Forrest, 2008). There are too many scenarios in the health care system, where the nurses are exposed to unexplained judgments, interpretations and decisions. To relieve the stress burden from our shoulders, it is important to inculcate critical thinking in our lives. Yes, it is true, critical reflection will give fire to anxiety, conflict and also cause self doubting issues but it will, eventually, alter the professional practice in an affirmative way (Oâ â¬â¢Connor, 2008). The new energy within will help in challenging the beliefs and assumption, that already exist and lead to better understanding of the things and thereby bringing about a change for benefit of all. Because of the increase in expectation from the nurses, they face complex demands, change and higher accountability. To comply with such situations, they need to develop skills of thinking on a higher level and improvement in the reasoning abilities (Crowe Oââ¬â¢Malley, 2006). SchÃâà §n (1983) has put forward two major reflections: reflection in action (which occurs when the action is being performed and is a result of thinking critically) and reflection on action (which is reflected after the action has been performed). Reflection in action involves many skills like being a good observer in every situation and trying to learn something out of every situation, interpreting, recording and understanding your feelings and responses to a certain situation and then inter relating your previous experiences, always make yourself counted in the experience via taking a ââ¬Ë witnessââ¬â¢ stance. On the other hand reflection on action is the most common form of reflection as what you have learnt or understood from your past encounters, all reflects in your future actions (David Somerville, 2004). Critical reflection is important for nurses because they need to incorporate change in their daily interaction, apply and update their professional skills, should develop self awareness and self directedness. They can successfully utilize the opportunities only if they ponder upon the feedback of their interactions and their impact on the patient, their families, colleagues and the health care unit as a whole. Therefore, critical reflection forms the most important ingredient for cooking the recipe of good conduct. DOMAIN OF INTEREST Day by day the complexities of the health care system are increasing. Thus, to meet the requirements various competency standards have been set up for registered nurses for advanced nursing. These competency standards aim to distinguish between the general and advanced nursing practices (Australian Nursing Federation, 2005; International Council of Nurses, 2010). The domain of interest here is the domain of ââ¬Ëadapting practiceââ¬â¢. It contains the competency abilities of advanced registered nurses to comply with and adjust or adapt to the challenging and more complex situations and still yield in better outcomes in terms of services offered (Australian Nursing Federation, 2005). The standards that are set, help in encouraging post graduate education for development in the field of advanced nursing practices and also enable each individual to individually critically analyze their competency in different domains (McGee, 2009). Like every other domain, the domain of adapting pr actice also stresses on understanding and meeting the needs and requirements of the patients who are suffering from complex and critical conditions (competency standard 4). This domain also states that improvement in the predicted outcomes should be made by referring to the past experiences and gathering information from other sources as well (competency standard 6) (Australian Nursing Federation, 2005). This essay also reflects upon the competencies of a registered nurse and the abilities that were utilized during complex and stressful situations. FEELINGS AND THOUGHTS Adaptation to a new environment is extremely difficult and it takes lots of patience and practice to adapt comfortably. I face many challenges in my workplace and earlier found it difficult to adapt. I also felt embarrassed when I needed help and could not ask anybody, fearing that my reputation would go down and that my fellow colleagues would make fun of me. Being equipped with the interpersonal skills, theoretical as well as practical knowledge about taking care of the patients and delivering the best quality of service, enabled me to climb up the ladder of success. Even though earlier it was difficult for me to interact with my fellow colleagues, now I can converse comfortably with anyone including my colleagues, patient, families and other staff members. Most of this was the result of feedback which I received from the patients, who generally praised my ability to empathize with the patients and then cater to their needs. As quoted above, feedback is an essential component for c ritical reflection, the positive feedback that I received from the consumers and my fellow staff members helped me visualize things with a different approach. I started enjoying my work. There were situations when I feared the outcome of some medical action. In my country, there are no rules and regulations pertaining to the safety of the health care professionals. This causes safety issues with the carers. Even I found myself in such situation when the medical practices could not save the life of the patient and his family members were outrageous, blaming the hospital for their loss, intending to burn down the entire building and take revenge. But then one should not be afraid of shadows, as shadows mean there is light somewhere near. There is an instance that reminds me of my good work and better performance as a nurse. I once cared for a boy who had been stabbed in the abdomen. There was profuse bleeding and I had taken every possible measure to stop the blood flow and restore th e consciousness of the boy. Three weeks later, that same boy came with his parents and thanked me for saving his life. Such precious compliments and gratitudeââ¬â¢s count a lot in the long run. EVALUATION I realized that during my performance in the hospital, as a registered nurse, I had some positive as well as negative traits. Good command over English language was counted among my positive traits. This enabled me to quickly read and understand the nursing articles written in English. Also since I could understand and associate what was mentioned, I was able to deliver effective care to the patients. Also my expertise in the fields of pathophysiology and emergency skills made me an important person in the hospital. Whenever there was a case of any emergency, I was made responsible to monitor the patient and do the needful. On the contrary, the nurses who lacked the knowledge about emergency skills or were not fluent in English language missed the opportunity. Ching Ying Lee (1998) has reported that nursing practice requires knowledge of proficient English as the nurses should be capable of using medical terms in fluent English. English is the most common language spoken worldwide and therefore, such a language should be known by all in order to address the cross cultural barriers in health care. Not only English is a common language but it has been named as the scientific language worldwide. Therefore, it is essential that all the communications pertaining to the medical condition of the patient, the health care outcomes and the treatment be explained in English to the patient as well as the concerned members (Mylaeus Renggli MI 1998). Another positive point that added to my portfolio was the good interpersonal and communication skills. With these skills I was able to interact efficiently with the staff and the patients as well. In order to deliver better services I followed the rule of empathy. Whenever any new patient was put under my care, I listened to him/ her and tried to picture myself in her/ his situation, so that I can understand better about the current situation of the patient and accordingly provide the guidelines to the family and the other medical staff. Most frequently we were faced with situations in which the burden on the health care unit was so much that all the patients were not being given equal attention, due to lack of task force and increased number of patients. In such cases one or the other patient or the family member would stand and start shouting in anger. I helped in controlling many such situations by calmly making the individual understand our plight and thereby promising him that I will take care of his/ her family member as soon as I get free. I utilized my good communication skills to deal with such patients. It is very important to have good communication skills in order to build trust between the patient and the doctor. It will consequently allow or enable the patient to disclose the information which might prove fruitful. Good communication also motivates the patient to get involved in the decisions related to health care, minimizes the risk of mishaps and errors and eventually enhances the satisfaction level of the patient (NHMRC, 2004). Literature has also shown the importance of understanding the cultural beliefs of the patients and making more accurate and meaningful decisions that are appreciated by the patient and the family both (Lawrence Dyche, 2007). Another important learning from my experience was that knowledge is never enough. Even after being a Bachelorââ¬â¢s degree holder, I found myself lagging behind in the field of pharmacology. Thus, it became the need of the hour for me to undergo a special three months training in this field and then I was all set and comfortable in explaining the patients about different drugs and their prescriptions. Although it is not advisable for the nurses to get into doctorââ¬â¢s role and prescribe drugs t the patients but they should know what different drugs are meant for, so that if the patient has a query related to which drug is administered to him or why it is administered, they should be able to answer them with confidence (Clare Lomas, 2010). One of the negative traits that I discovered within myself was not being able to extract the medical history of the patient. Emergency nurses should possess the skills of physical assessment as well as health history. This lag can be attributed to the overburden and work overload during the emergency situations. Another reason can be the demand for nurses as there had been shortage of nurses since of long time in my hospital. Joann Griff Alspach (2011) has laid forward the importance of knowing the medical history of the patient as well as of his family. This is important because a track record of all the details about the illness that have been occurring in the family can help in predicting the prognosis of the current state of the patient. Also prior information can help the doctors determine the allergies the patient possesses when subjected to certain chemicals or drugs. Another negative quality that I possessed was lack of team spirit. Whenever I had many patients and was overloaded with work, even though I wanted someone to help me, yet I never asked for help. I am now able to realize that team work is essential for efficient working of the team as it enables us to learn something new and benefit from each of the members involved. ANALYSIS My experience, expectations, feedback and results have majorly influenced the knowledge I have gained so far. My skills like being able to communicate proficiently in English and being able to understand the text presented in medical journals, which are generally written in English, has helped me gain recognition and my work has been appreciated by the authorities as well. Communication is an important aspect of health care as it promotes commonality of understanding and meaning (Sonia Allen, 2007). Also my skills like the knowledge of pathophysiology and dealing with patients during emergency situations helped me get positive response from the patients and their family members. Though there are certain negative aspects also, like lack of team spirit and lack of ability to get medical history out from the patient, yet I am happy that I am now able to analyze my performance as a whole and can work in the field of teamwork and improve my traits further. SYNTHESIS RECOMMENDATION FOR FUTURE PRACTICE I feel that I have precisely highlighted all my strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats pertaining to the nursing practices. According to the standards for practice specified by the Nursing Council, the very first principle to e followed if to respect the individuality and dignity of all the health consumers. Treating with respect means interacting with the consumers in a polite and considerate manner, thereby helping them cope with their deteriorated condition and enable quick recovery. It is important to understand the cultural needs as well and decide upon the course of treatment accordingly. All the registered nurses are expected to work in partnerships as this enhances the working capability and also builds trust among the members of the staff, leaving no scope of discrimination. Another perception of working in partnerships can be with respect to the health consumers. It is important to listen to them, respond to their concerns and acknowledge their preferences as well . It is not necessary to give affirmation to all their preferences but only to those which are practicable. Also, it the responsibility of the nurse to encourage and motivate the consumers by providing them relevant and complete information about their condition, so that they can make decisions independently. Another point to be kept in mind is to respect and allow patientââ¬â¢s privacy and confidentiality. The code of conduct should comprise of integrity so that the consumerââ¬â¢s trust can be justified. Integrity means consistency in the principles and ethics that you follow and not abusing the position held by you or the trust of the authorities. Lastly, all the registered nurses must maintain public confidence and trust in their profession and also maintain the ethics involved (Nursing Counsil, 2011). CONCLUSION The aim of this essay was to provide a detailed outline of the analysis of the performance of a registered nurse, when working in the domain of adapting practice. The basic concept of critical reflection and how it modifies the outlook or the perception has been well explained with the help of live examples.
Friday, January 17, 2020
Existentialism vs. Phenomenology Essay
Existentialism vs. Phenomenology and the response to Hegelian Idealism Absolute idealism was a huge part of Western culture but through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries the greatest political movement took place. Marxism was this great political movement. The movement had an affect on theology and art. Jean-Paul Sartre, a continental philosopher who lived in the nineteenth century was an existentialist. Some of the main themes of extentialism are: â⬠¢ Traditional and academic philosophy is sterile and remote from the concerns of real life. â⬠¢ Philosophy must focus on the individual in her or his confrontation with the world. â⬠¢ The world is irrational (or, in any event, beyond total comprehending or accurate conceptualizing through philosophy). â⬠¢ The world is absurd, in the sense that no ultimate explanation can be given for why it is the way it is. â⬠¢ Senselessness, emptiness, triviality, separation, and inability to communicate pervade human existence, giving birth to anxiety, dread, self-doubt, and despair. â⬠¢ The individual confronts, as the most important fact of human existence, the necessity to choose how he or she is to live within this absurd and irrational world. (Moore-Bruder, 2005) The extentialist believed that there was no answer to the existential predicament. They say life can only deteriorate and without struggling through life a person can find no meaning or value to the life they lead. Some of these themes had already been introduce before Jean-Paul Sartre came up the additions. The philosophers, Arthur Schopenhauer, Soren Kierkegaard, and Friedrich Nietzsche were the contributors to these themes. All three had a strong distaste for the optimistic idealism of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and for metaphysical systems in general. Such philosophy, they thought, ignored the human predicament. For all three the universe, including its human inhabitants, is seldom rational, and philosophical systems that seek to make everything seem rational are just futile attempts to overcome pessimism and despair. Soren Keirkegaardââ¬â¢s fundamental question in life was is there anything in this world or outside it to which the individual can cling to keep from being swept away by the dark tides of despair? He was as almost entirely concerned with how and what the individual actually chooses in the face of doubt and uncertainty. He thought the only way to be grated relief from despair was to have a total commitment to God. Friedrich Nietzsche was convinced that the world was run by a cosmic force and that it is driven by will to power or will power. This way of thinking was quite different from Keirkegarrd. Nietsche believed you had to control your own destiny and seize what was yours. He led a more exciting life, a more passionate one. Keirkegaard was very depressed and spent most of his life battling despair but found comfort in God. Nietzsche used to say ââ¬Å"Which is it, is man one of Godââ¬â¢s blunders or is God one of manââ¬â¢s? â⬠While both of these men had different views from each other they agreed to disagree with extentialism. Existentialism as a philosophical movement was something of a direct reaction to perceived social ills and was embraced by artists and writers as much as by philosophers So it is not surprising that two of the greatest existentialist philosophers, Albert Camus and Jean-Paul Sartre, wrote drama, novels, and political tracts as well as philosophical works. Phenomenology interests itself in the essential structures found within the stream of conscious experienceââ¬âthe stream of phenomenaââ¬âas these structures manifest themselves independently of the assumptions and presuppositions of science. (Moore-Bruder, 2005) Phenomenology, much more than existentialism, has been a product of philosophers rather than of artists and writers. But like existentialism, phenomenology has had enormous impact outside philosophical circles. It has been especially influential in theology, the social and political sciences, and psychology and psychoanalysis. Phenomena is the distinction between the way something is immediately experienced and the way it ââ¬Å"is. â⬠Both Hegel and Kant were philosophers of Phenomenology. Also, Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger were phenomenologists. Husserl introduced transcendental phenomenology, whose purpose it was to investigate phenomena To investigate phenomena in this way is to ââ¬Å"bracketâ⬠or ââ¬Å"excludeâ⬠oneââ¬â¢s presupposition about the existence or nature of an ââ¬Å"externalâ⬠or ââ¬Å"physicalâ⬠or ââ¬Å"objectiveâ⬠world. Husserl called this process phenomenological reduction without making any assumptions about the world. Heidegger, too, was convinced that it was necessary to look at things with fresh eyes, unshrouded by the presuppositions of the present and past. According to Heidegger, we are basically ignorant about the thing that matters most: the true nature of Being. It is usually with reference to his earlier work that Heidegger is sometimes called an existentialist. Heidegger himself resisted this appellation. Yet he was very much influenced by Kierkegaard and Nietzsche, and the concern expressed in his early works with such existentialist themes as fear, dread, meaninglessness, and death is quite evident. Sartre studied in Germany for a brief time in the 1930s and was influenced by Heidegger. Sartre attributed the concept of abandonment to Heidegger, and Sartre and Heidegger both were concerned with the concepts of bad faith, authenticity, a lifeââ¬â¢s project, and others. In philosophy it is true that each view even if they are opposing influence one another. In the last third of the twentieth century, diverse Continental voices were raised against what they saw as suspicious assumptions about the meaning of right and wrong, the nature of language, and the very possibility of human self-understanding. Some Continental philosophers have been suspicious about Western metaphysical systems that they claim lead to the manipulation of nature or that set up a certain ethnic or cultural perspective as absolute truth. As the years go by new philosophers try to prove the others wrong and so is the development of philosophy always on going. Reference Moore-Bruder. 2005. Metaphysics and Epistemology: Existence and Knowledge: The Continental Tradition. The Power of Ideas, Sixth Edition. Mc-Graw Hill.
Thursday, January 9, 2020
Wednesday, January 1, 2020
Analysis Of Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs - 1179 Words
Mirror, mirror on the wall, who is the fairest of them all? From this well-known phrase from the story of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, it is shown people are regularly conscious about their appearances. Americans are living in a world where technologies such as: cell phones, internet, and television are employed in their every day lives . From these new technologies, Americans can connect with the media and they are constantly attacked by the messages of the media. A superior message the media is depicting is ultra-thin as a reference point of beauty. Everyday an abundance of women are bombarded with the media s concept and interpretation of the flawless body. The photos being represented in popular magazines typically issued for women all over the country are impractical and illogical. According to Adam Cloe, an author at Live Strong, the average American woman is about 166.2 pounds and 5 feet 4 inches (Cloe), while Rachel Christine a journalist at Liftable, declares the averag e American model is only about 107 pounds and 5 feet 10inches tall (Christine). Magazine companies share exercise and diet supplement advertisements to insert into their publications, in which they spend billions of dollars on. These companies exchange fabricated body images for discontented and dissatisfied readers; they do this by unrealistic photos of women, as well as weight-reduction plans and exercise training information. Decades ago, a size 14 was the optimal body size; standardShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs1411 Words à |à 6 Pages Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Film Critique Diââ¬â¢Yana Mathis ENG225: Introduction to Film Professor Sameer Joshi October 2, 2017 Ã¢â¬Æ' Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Film Critique Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1938), is a fantasy film written by Ted Sears and Richard Creedon. This animated movie, made by Disney, was created so young children can watch and enjoy all over the world. This is a very popular film because it was the first animated movie created in England and made in color. InRead MoreMovie Analysis : Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs1697 Words à |à 7 Pagesinto popular culture today. Walt Disney s first animated feature film, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs marked the start of his monopoly and the turning point for the future of Disney animations. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was a remake on the classic Grimm s fairy tale. Walt Disney transformed the original tale into a more romantic and less vulgar version that ultimately became a smash hit upon initial release. Snow White grew to be the precedent for all of Disney animations to come. On theRead MoreFilm Analysis : Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs1372 Words à |à 6 Pagesperfected. Some even helped establish foundations for cinema production. Among them, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Toy Story can be singled out as the most influential. It may be said that music, CGI, depth, color, secondary characters and depth in animation started because of these two movies. Two completely different films caused tremendous and similar impacts on animation. The feature Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is not merely a cute princess film and was certainly not created under normalRead MoreMovie Analysis : Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs 1064 Words à |à 5 Pagesmotherless and fatherless characters. Take, as examples, the movie Bambi ( 1942) in which a deer hunter killed Bambiââ¬â¢s mother, the movie Cinderella (1950) in which Cinderellaââ¬â¢s mother dies at the beginning of the movie, the movie Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) in which Snow Whiteââ¬â¢s mother dies, once again, at the beginning of the movie. In Disney movies, most protagonists have no parents; they have absent parents, adoptive parents, or one parent who dies in the movie. In other words, death, inRead MorePerspectives on Gender Roles: Snow White and Mirrors Essay1049 Words à |à 5 Pagesoriginal fairytale. In both stories Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs conveys a message about the mirror representing a sense of self on a superficial and deep emotional l evel. It reinstates many cultural roles that have been put upon both woman and men. It is a story of self discovery and whether or not the characters are able to develop throughout the story in relation to the affects to a ââ¬Å"real life individualâ⬠. A common theme in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs for both the Disney film and the 1812Read MoreTheme of Stereotypes Essay1961 Words à |à 8 Pagesgoal in this paper is to highlight the numerous accounts of stereotypes that are cast mainly upon women and sometimes men as well, whether it be fictional or non-fictional, through the use of two texts. These texts are ââ¬Å"Cinderellaâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfsâ⬠. For my third text I chose to use ââ¬Å"Preciousâ⬠by Nalo Hopkinson, because it challenges the stereotypical ideas presented of women. To achieve this goal, I have organized my paper into four main sections. The first two sections are supportingRead MoreEssay on Envy and Beauty in Snow White1215 Words à |à 5 PagesEnvy, Beauty, and Snow White Few people can grow up within todays society without knowing the tale of Snow White. From the Grimm Brothers to Disney, it has been told and retold to children throughout the ages. However, what is often overlooked are the true meanings within the story. Fairytales typically have underlying messages that can be found written between the lines, generally in terms of the key themes. Snow White discusses the themes of envy and beauty, and shows how humans obsessionsRead MoreDisney Plays a Role in Shaping Girls Self-Esteem1832 Words à |à 7 Pagesis quite romanticizedâ⬠(Hill). Thus, this analysis is an attempt to elucidate the archetype of women through the classic film, Snow White (1937) by identifying and analyzing some representations and by doing so, understanding how a majority of the female characters also have become the reflection of those values in both, action and appearance. In 1937, Disney adapted the original The Brothers Grimm fairytale and released Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, which won the hearts of critics and audiencesRead MoreSymbolism In Mirror Mirror1517 Words à |à 7 Pagesdistinct personalities of the seven dwarfs to the outshining temperament of the haughty, over-the-top Evil Queen played by Julia Roberts. The Evil Queen in this film does not seem so vile but rather more of an excessively excited cougar desperately attempting to get the attention of the handsome young Prince to win his hand in marriage and his fortune, which she frantically needs to cover the debts acquired by her lavish lifestyle. She outshines our main hero Snow White and makes the film what it seemsRead MoreImportance Of Feminism Within Writing1938 Words à |à 8 Pagesnostalgia such as Snow White, a woman who was abused and imprisoned. The 1970ââ¬â¢s feminist interrogated the fairy tales of her childhood to ask whether this desired ending was ultimate pleasur eââ¬â or if it was just incarceration and abuse. She retells these stories with dark humor and irony, so that the reader can share her doubts about the tales and the values they imply. She stresses the unnecessary concentration of the female body in her own retelling of Snow White and The Seven Dwarfs, for example: ââ¬Å"The
Monday, December 23, 2019
Cellular Metabolism Of Drugs Insulin - 853 Words
Cellular Metabolism of Drugs: Insulin: Diabetes Cellular metabolism is the cells daily operation through all types of reactions in the cell. These reactions are rated at several different speeds and occurrences according to the cells needs. However, there are some occasions where the articulation of these cells can become faulty and eventually destroy the body. A particular homeostatic imbalance that occurs from a fault in the cellular metabolism and metabolic pathways would be the body s resistance to produce insulin. A more formal name for this imbalance would be diabetes. Although there are several types of diabetes they all result in an insufficient amount of insulin production in the beta cells of the body. Generally speaking, most people are familiar with the term insulin and its dealings with diabetes. However, the amount of knowledge on how it works in the body is limited. Insulin is one of the most important hormones in the body for several reasons. The lack of or the excess of this hormone could potentially effect the bo dy at detrimental rates. Every living cell in the body requires energy for survival. Typically, energy is stored in the form of ATP (Adenosine Tri-Phosphate), and in order for this energy to be created it needs glucose (sugar). The cells in the body depend on glucose for energy; however, there is no direct pathway for sugar to reach most cells in the body. Thus, the pancreas consumes all of the sugar intake from the food that has been eaten andShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Need to Treat Obsesity in the United States1434 Words à |à 6 Pagescombination of drug and lifestyle intervention is ideal for obesity management5-8. Unfortunately, the current anti-obesity medications that inhibit food intake or absorption are partly effective9,10. Thus, an alternate approach is to target energy metabolism11-19 due to the fact that obesity results when energy storage in the adipose tissue exceeds its expenditure20. However, due to the complexity of adipose tissue21, the fundamental understanding of the mechanism and reg ulation of its metabolism is stillRead MoreObesity: A Result of Poor Diet or an Inherited Condition?874 Words à |à 3 Pagesdoes have long-term complications such as heart disease, kidney failure and eye damages. There are three types of diabetes mellitus which is type 1 where the bodyââ¬â¢s defense system attack the cells that produce insulin, type 2 where it is characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency and the last one is gestational diabetes where a pregnant mother develop a high glucose level and the offspring and mother have a probability of developing to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Both type 1Read MoreDiabetes : A Classification Of Metabolic Disorders1383 Words à |à 6 Pagesclassification of metabolic disorders that lead to hyperglycemia. The patientââ¬â¢s metabolism is impaired due to a lack of insulin secretion, or impaired insulin function. Insulin is one of the major components in metabolism of glucose- the bodyââ¬â¢s primary energy so urce. Alterations in insulin function lead to alterations in utilization of the glucose stores and cellular function as the body is unable to begin glucose metabolism, leading to a buildup of glucose in the serum. Unmanaged diabetes can lead toRead MoreThe Herbal And Dietary Supplement Market1501 Words à |à 7 Pagesimportance of food in treatment and prevention of diseases since regular consumption of synthetic drugs sometimes cause organ failure and so many other effects. Again, consumers have the belief that food like substances are either harmless or less toxic as compared to conventional drugs, furthermore nutraceuticals are cheaper and are safe with regards to avoiding the side effects associated with drugs (Tapans et al., 2008). CLASSIFICATION Nutraceuticals can be isolated nutrients herbal products, dietaryRead MoreDefinition And Brief Explanation Of Type One Diabetes1654 Words à |à 7 Pagesand brief explanation Type one Diabetes is when the pancreas produces very little to no insulin what so ever meaning the body cannot obtain the needed sugars (glucose), which will be given to the cells in the body to produce energy. Type two diabetes is the far more common form of the disorder and occurs when the body becomes resistant to the insulin produced or for some reasons stops producing enough insulin. There are many factors that may contribute to the manifestation of type 1 diabetes;Read MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Diabetes729 Words à |à 3 Pagesdisease affects all ages and can be classified as follows: a) Type I or insulin-dependent, more common in children and young people; b) Type II or non-insulino-dependent, in mature people over 40 years. Diabetes occurs due to several causes: *Pancreatic disease leading to decreased insulin synthesis (especially common in alcoholic chronic pancreatitis); * Other endocrine diseases; * Administration of steroid hormones; * Other drugs that cause hyperglycemia (best known as prednisone); * A genetic predispositionRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus ( Dm ) Is A Metabolic Disorder Caused By Pancreatic Disorders1103 Words à |à 5 PagesDiabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder caused by pancreatic dysfunction resulting in absence or insufficient insulin secretion. Different categories of DM are as follows; type 1 DM, type 2 DM, other specific type and gestational DM (GDM) (Huether McCance 2012). Type 1 DM is caused by autoimmune where there is no insulin production, type 2 DM happens later in life due to insulin resistance from obesity, low level of HDL(good cholesterol), or polycystic ovary disease (Blair, 2016). Other specificRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus : Long Term Damage1144 Words à |à 5 Pagescharacterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The effects of diabetes mellitus include longââ¬âterm damage, dysfunction and failure of various orga ns (1). There are two main types of diabetes (2-6); Type 1 diabetes (T1B) usually develops in childhood and adolescence and patients require lifelong insulin injections for survival. Type 2 diabetes (T2B) usually develops in adulthood and isRead MoreHypoglycemia Essay1184 Words à |à 5 Pagesblood glucose values in an adult? Hypoglycemia: Low blood glucose level that results from too much insulin, not enough food, or excess activity. It is defined as the presence of Whippleââ¬â¢s triad: manifestations consistent with low blood glucose, a low plasma glucose concentration, and resolution of symptoms or signs after plasma glucose concentration is raised. Four common causes are: 1.) excess insulin, 2.) deficient intake or absorption of food, 3.) exercise, and 4.) alcohol intake. When blood glucoseRead MorePoison Called Bacillus Thuringitesis ( Bt ) Toxin1680 Words à |à 7 Pagesand ASD Previously, I had mentioned the importance of the pancreas in the metabolism of the nutrients and its possible etiology of Autism. ASD is found to be higher in children of parents with Diabetes Mellitus type 2 and Gestational Diabetes. Nauer t(2011) said,â⬠emerging research suggests a possible link between Autism and DM, two disorders on the rise in the United Statesâ⬠(n.p). Dr. Michael Stern in Frontiers in Cellular Endocrinology also said that both type 2 diabetes and autism have a common
Sunday, December 15, 2019
What Brought to the French Revolution Free Essays
Loreen Jill Ramirez Catubay 12 September 2010 HSS1C. 01 Miss. Erickson FRENCH REVOLUTION DBQ ââ¬Å"The French Revolution. We will write a custom essay sample on What Brought to the French Revolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now â⬠What pops up in your head? Probably a plethora of ideas. Images of riots, nobles, monarchy and such. So many mistakes and so many achievements has come out of the French Revolution. Many failed policies, laws and many inspirational and influential ideas has come of the French Revolution. The important causes of the French Revolution has changed France. The French Revolution had many causes which lead to the outbreak of the revolution such as heavy taxes, extreme poverty and the ideas of the Enlightenment. During Arthur Youngââ¬â¢s travel through France from 1787 to 1789 he stated ââ¬Å"There is an injustice levying on the amount of each person must payâ⬠(Document 1). One Cause that brought of the French Revolution is the inequality of the levy and taxes on the among the 3 estates. The first estate which is the body of all people ordained for religious duties most commonly in the Christian Church was called the ââ¬Å"Clergyâ⬠. The Clery had no taxes on them but they, The Clergy could collect tithes or taxes from people who are living on churches land. The Clergy owned 10% of the countries land but shockingly the Clergy consist of 1% of the countries population. The second estate which is known as belonging to a hereditary class with high social or political status is called the ââ¬Å"Noblesâ⬠. The Nobles had very few taxes on them while they collected taxes and rents from peasants while the peasants worked for both higher classes, the first estates and the second estate. The second estate, Nobles consisted of only 2% of the population but owned 35% of the countries land. Last but not least, This brings us to the third estate of peasants. Peasants are either Middles class, peasants or city workers. These people consisted of 97% of the countries population. They owned only 55% of the land. The third estate was treated very unfairly in both land and taxes. Peasants earned the least but paid the most taxes. This made them very mad about the injustice of the heavy levying as stated in the quote. During the Arthur Youngââ¬â¢s stay in France he has observed a lot of things about France as a country. Arthur Young stated on September 5,1788 that, ââ¬Å"The poor people seem very poor indeed. The children are terribly raggedâ⬠(Document 1). Due to the heavy taxes on the peasants who work the longest and hardest jobs yet earn the least they had very little money lift for themselves and their families. Arthur Young also noticed that , ââ¬Å"The price of bread has risen above the peopleââ¬â¢s ability to payâ⬠. The people were so poor that they did not even have enough money to buy bread for themselves to eat while the people in the first and second estate were eating steaks, cakes and many luxurious foods. This situation of unfairness and inequality made the peasants anger towards the other estates and the monarchy grow. Historian Albert Mathiez claims that leadership fell into the middle class in which he stated that, ââ¬Å"The middle classâ⬠¦.. was sensitive to their inferior legal position. The Revolution came from them-the middle class. They were just beginning to learn to readâ⬠(Document 4). Through this the middle class gained knowledge and ideas of the Enlightenment. They became philosophers. They started to believe and realized many things. Voltaire believed in freedom of speech but gone thrown in jail for making fun of a rich baron. This made the rest of the citizens to wonder about what they could say and why werenââ¬â¢t they allowed to talk about whatever they wanted?. John Locke was a believer of natural rights from birth and is famous for his writings on rights of life, liberty and property. His writings made people have an ââ¬Å"oh yeah! why NOT?! â⬠moment and questioned their rights and the other estates rights deciding that this was unfair and unjust. These people started to believe and agree with what these philosophers thought than what the king or the clergy thought. The 3 situations that helped caused the revolution. Heavy taxes were unjust as the peasants who earned the least, paid the most taxes while the other estates lived a luxurious life. The extreme famine which of left the peasants stomach digesting in nothing but anger towards the onarchy while the higher estates had tea parties and buffets and ideas of the Enlightenment which opened the eyes of many others about how much unfairness, inequality and injustice they have been treated with and that this was not tolerable as they philosophers encouraged them for they believed that everyone should have rights, liberty and freedom. The citizens years of suffering, inequality, injustice, unfairness and ang er were the causes that had lead to the French Revolution. How to cite What Brought to the French Revolution, Papers
Saturday, December 7, 2019
Leadership in Business of Intentional Change - myassignmenthelp.com
Question: Discuss about the Leadership in Businessfor Model of Intentional Change. Answer: Introduction This reflective report presents the leadership concept, leadership theories, and leadership models. It also presents the self-awareness techniques like GROW model and Boyatzis Model of Intentional Change. These tools are effective to analyze the individual personality. This report also discusses the recommendation for future development. In last, it presents the action plan for improving the weakness. Leadership journey I enhanced my skills of leadership from my last organization where I functioned as a leader. I observed that a team leader can influence the employees by using motivational techniques. It is illustrated that a team leader can improve the vision that is executed by each member of the team and mutually to have possession (Swanson, et al., 2016). From last organization, I also analyzed my weakness that can affect the quality of outcome. I worked on my short coming for getting reliable data. I also encouraged to my group member to perform the same. I increased my understandings towards the methods to inspire the employees through excitement. Since, once a leader is properly aware of their liabilities then they can properly guide the employees and obtain reliable outcome (Pruzan, et al., 2017). Leadership concept I created my awareness towards the concept of leadership concepts that will help to enhance my self-awareness. I learned that the leadership can be a power to control the group member towards the completion of a particular group. Moreover, I understood that a leadership can define as a process where one person can direct the employees towards accomplishing the organizational goal in less time and cost. In addition, a leader can be a person who has the ability to motivate towards their assigned work (Kim, et al., 2017).I also learned about the guidelines of leaders that can be effective to monitor the subordinates and inspired them to meet favorable outcome. A leader plays an imperative role to develop the collaboration between the team to complete the estimated target (Ward, 2016).A person can become an effective leader from the approval of team member and their personality characteristics. I also analyzed that a leader can be developed and born (Ang, et al., 2015). I analyzed that s ome authors examined that the leadership qualities can be genetical while other is explained that the leader qualities established by offering the training and development method. I also gained my knowledge towards the leadership which can be imperative to enhance my leadership style in the working place. As a result, I can obtain the feasible result. Further, I analyzed that knowledge towards leadership can help to enhance my personality systematically. Moreover, there are different types of factors like personality traits, formal authority, and knowledge and experience that are considered in the leadership. Leadership models and theories I gained my understanding towards the leadership models and theories. It can be effective in developing the transactional and transformational plan. I analyzed that both transactional and transformational leadership style is effective to build the reliable decision. From the understanding of leadership style, I will be able to apply the leadership style as per the situation. It can also be effective to obtain eh reliable outcome. I enhanced my weaknesses and strengths after the lecture. I analyzed that a leader can be accountable for many activities, therefore, they need to update themselves timely. I observed that the transformational leadership permit the leader to work with group member and determine the needed change by using motivational techniques. It can also support to build an effective relationship among leader and employees. I also learned that the transformational leadership can motivate the employee to perform beyond the expectation of leader. Beside this, a transactiona l leadership can enable the leader to use the reward and punishment structure in the working place (Northouse, 2015). It can positively influence the employees because a transactional leader can give the reward to the employees who perform better at the workplace, which can positively influence the workforce to perform their assign work systematically (Herrmann, et al., 2015). I also observed that this leadership style enable the leader to take an appropriate decision towards the employee performance. Through this leadership style, a leader critically analyzes the subordinate performance and punishes the employee who has not perform better in the working place (Rock, 2014).Moreover, I observed that a teacher can expect same to the scholars. In addition, the leadership style can be effective for improving my professional as well as personal life. I observed that the transformational and transaction leadership can be different from each other. In addition, the transformational leaders hip model can offer the different kinds of services to the subordinates like intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, and individualized consideration. I observed that I improved my leadership style as compared to the past data. I improved my communication skills through the lecture that was not effective. Through the effective communication skills, I can handle the conflict issues at the workplace and gain the performance in long-term (Strom, et al., 2014). I observed that the communication skills can be supportive to retain the employees at the working place. Further, effective communication can play an imperative in the conflict management that can directly influence the performance of the organization (Renko, et al., 2015). Self-Awareness Tool I gained my understanding regarding self-awareness techniques, which will be needed to analyze your personality. The GROW Model and Boyatzis Model is an effective technique of self-awareness (Herrmann, et al., 2014). From this model, I analyzed some different factors such as goal, reality, will, and options. It can critically analysis my personality and help to demonstrate my weakness that will improve my personality in the upcoming period (Delmatoff, et al., 2015). I observed that I was not able to independently make a goal and clear them on the front of subordinates that were major issues for me. From this model, I analyzed that, I was able to exit reality at the working place that can influence the performance of the organization. I observed that I was capable to explore the alternatives regarding the existing situation. It can support to eliminate the current issues systematically (Zhang, et al., 2015). From the discussion of my team member, I analyzed that, I have the capability to provide the appropriate suggestion towards the accomplishment of goal in an appropriate manner. Strengths and weaknesses for development As per this lecture, I gained my awareness towards my personality that can be supportive to improve my weakness in the upcoming period. Moreover, I analyzed that self-awareness can support to critically analysis our personality where I analyzed like, dislike, strength, and weakness. The self-awareness can also be supportive to identify the time under stress. Furthermore, the self-awareness motivates the employees and leader for gaining the understanding about each other and makes strong relationship with each other (Vermeeren, et al., 2014). Moreover, I also gained my competencies for attaining the specified goal. In addition, it is also evaluated that a leader can also focus on different factors such as technical, human, personal traits of an individual, business, and traits of individual due to obtaining the feasible result in less cost and time. Boyatzis Model Boyatzis Model can be implied by an individual to critically analysis our characteristics and understand the strength, weakness, effective relationship, ideal life, and real life. It can support to make an effective life (Grunes, et al., 2014). From this model, I critically analyzed my strengths such as dynamic listener and prompt decision making. I analyzed that, I have some weakness such as pronunciation issue and depth-oriented. Moreover, I learned that the fast decision making supports me to enhance the competitive benefit of the organization. Besides this, too- depth-oriented characteristics can be major issues for me because it can waste the time of employees and subordinates. Therefore, I needed to improve my weaknesses. As a result, an organization can be able to get a favorable result. Feedback and suggestion for future development I created my understanding about two kinds of leadership issues such as emotional intelligence and pronunciation problem that are investigated by using the self-awareness I learned about two kinds of leadership problems e.g. improve the emotional intelligence and pronunciation issues that are discovered from the self-awareness techniques. A Leadership skill can be improved by using the emotional intelligence and actual pronunciation. Suggestions for improving leadership style I increased my understanding about the different cultural ground, family, and religious for easily inspiring the others and also attain the specified objectives in the specified time and cost. Through the lecture, I learned that a group member should enhance their understanding towards the leadership style, communication methods, and method of presentation due to avoiding the misinterpretation problem form the team. Moreover, I also observed that best understanding towards the cultural factors because it can enable the team member to accomplish their task in less time and cost. I also analyzed that a leader of an organization can aid the team member without any biases and obtain a favorable result. I also analyzed that each group member has different characteristics that show their diverse leadership style. A leader can deal with diverse characteristics of people and get a favorable result (Popli, et al., 2015). Develop an action plan for future leadership journey Emotional Intelligence Conclusion On behalf of the above interpretation, it can be summarized that a leader should be aware of the leadership style due to inspiring a large number of employees at the workplace. It can also be concluded that the understanding towards the values can be vital for meeting the organization task. Finally, it can be illustrated that GROW and Boyatzis Model is effective self-awareness technique that can help to critically evaluate the personality of an individual. References Ang, S., Van Dyne, L. (2015).Handbook of cultural intelligence. UK: Routledge. Delmatoff, J., Lazarus, I. R. (2015). The most effective leadership style for the new landscape of healthcare.Journal of Healthcare Management,59(4), 245-249. Grunes, P., Gudmundsson, A., Irmer, B. (2014). To what extent is the Mayer and Salovey (1997) model of emotional intelligence a useful predictor of leadership style and perceived leadership outcomes in Australian educational institutions?.Educational Management Administration Leadership,42(1), 112-135. Herrmann, D., Felfe, J. (2014). Effects of leadership style, creativity technique and personal initiative on employee creativity.British Journal of Management,25(2), 209-227. Herrmann, N., Herrmann-Nehdi, A. (2015).The Whole Brain Business Book: Unlocking the Power of Whole Brain Thinking in Organizations, Teams, and Individuals. USA: McGraw Hill Professional. Kim, W. C., Mauborgne, R. A. (2017).Blue Ocean Leadership (Harvard Business Review Classics). USA: Harvard Business Review Press. Northouse, P. G. (2015).Leadership: Theory and practice. USA: Sage publications. Popli, S., Rizvi, I. A. (2015). Exploring the relationship between service orientation, employee engagement, and perceived leadership style: a study of managers in the private service sector organizations in India.Journal of Services Marketing,29(1), 59-70. Pruzan, P., Pruzan-Mikkelsen, K., Miller, D., Miller, W. (2017).Leading with wisdom: Spiritual-based leadership in business. UK: Routledge. Renko, M., El Tarabishy, A., Carsrud, A. L., Brnnback, M. (2015). Understanding and measuring entrepreneurial leadership style.Journal of Small Business Management,53(1), 54-74. Rock, D. (2014).Quiet leadership. USA: HarperCollins e-books. Strom, D. L., Sears, K. L., Kelly, K. M. (2014). Work engagement: The roles of organizational justice and leadership style in predicting engagement among employees.Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies,21(1), 71-82. Swanson, D. L., Frederick, W. C. (2016). Denial and leadership in business ethics education.Business ethics: New challenges for business schools and corporate leaders, 222-240. Vermeeren, B., Kuipers, B., Steijn, B. (2014). Does leadership style make a difference? Linking HRM, job satisfaction, and organizational performance.Review of Public Personnel Administration,34(2), 174-195. Ward, J. (2016).Keeping the family business healthy: How to plan for continuing growth, profitability, and family leadership. USA: Springer. Zhang, J., Ahammad, M. F., Tarba, S., Cooper, C. L., Glaister, K. W., Wang, J. (2015). The effect of leadership style on talent retention during merger and acquisition integration: Evidence from China.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,26(7), 1021-1050.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)